General Exchange Act

* Act of March 20, 1922 (P.L. 67-173, Ch. 105, 42 Stat. 465; 16 U.S.C. 485, 486)

Note-Implementing regulations are found at 36 CFR 254, Subpart A.

Sec. 1. When the public interests will be benefitted thereby, the Sec-re-tary of Agriculture be, and hereby is, authorized in his discretion to accept on behalf of the United States title to any lands within exte-rior boundaries of the National Forests which, in the opinion of the Secretary of Agriculture, are chiefly valuable for National Forest Purpos-es, and in exchange therefor the Secretary of the Interior may patent not to exceed an equal value of such National Forest land, in the same State, surveyed and nonmineral in character, or the Secretary of Agri-culture may authorize the grantor to cut and remove an equal value of timber within the National Forests of the same State; the values in each case to be determined by the Secre-tary of Agriculture: Provided, That before any such exchange is effect-ed notice of the contemplated ex-change reciting the lands involved shall be published once each week for four successive weeks in some newspaper of general circulation in the county or counties in which may be situated the lands to be accepted, and in some like newspaper pub-lished in any county in which may be situated any lands or timber to be given in such exchange. Timber given in such exchanges shall be cut and removed under the laws and regulations relating to the National Forests, and under the direction and supervision and in accordance with the requirements of the Secretary of Agriculture. Lands conveyed to the United States under this Act shall, upon acceptance of title, become parts of the National Forest within whose exterior boundaries they are located. (16 U.S.C. 485)

Sec. 2. Either party to an ex-change may make reservations of timber, minerals, or easements, the values of which shall be duly con-sidered in determining the values of the exchanged lands. Where reser-vations are made in lands conveyed to the United States the right to enjoy them shall be subject to such reasonable conditions respecting ingress and egress and the use of the surface of the land as may be deemed necessary by the Secretary of Agriculture; where mineral reser-vations are made in lands conveyed by the United States it shall be so stipulated in the patents, and that any person who acquires the right to mine and remove the reserved deposits may enter and occupy so much of the surface as may be required for all purposes incident to the mining and removal of the min-erals therefrom, and may mine and remove such minerals upon payment to the owner of the surface for damages caused to the land and improvements thereon: Provided, That all property, rights, easements, and benefits authorized by this section to be retained by or reserved to owners of lands conveyed to the United States shall be subject to the tax laws of the States where such lands are located. (16 U.S.C. 486)

Note-In addition to transferring certain functions from the Secretary of the Interior to the Secretary of Agriculture, the Act of June 11, 1960 (74 Stat. 205) also provided in Section 2 thereof "In no case covered by . . . [the March 20, 1922 Act] shall the exchange provide for the patenting of land by the United States without a reservation of minerals (1) unless the secretary of Agriculture has obtained the advice of the Secretary of the Interior that the land is nonmineral in character, or (2) unless the Secretary of the Interior approves the valuation and disposition of the minerals in the land to be patented".

Note-The foregoing Act applies to National Forest land established from the public domain. The exchange authority applicable to Weeks Law lands is set forth in section 7 of the Weeks Law.